CPT 45331 Surgery - Digestive

How Much Does Sigmoidoscopy and Biopsy Cost?

Also known as: Sigmoidoscopy and biopsy (CPT 45331)

A flexible sigmoidoscopy with biopsy of the lower colon.

The total estimated cost of Sigmoidoscopy and Biopsy (CPT 45331) is $224 to $420, including hospital fees, anesthesia, and supplies. The surgeon's Medicare fee alone is $67.

Total Estimated Cost of Care

$224 — $420

This estimate includes hospital facility fees, anesthesia, and supplies .

Surgeon/Physician Fee
$67
Hospital Facility Fee
$200
Anesthesia (est.)
$13
Important: The physician fee of $67 shown in the cost cards below is what Medicare pays the surgeon/doctor only. The hospital charges a separate facility fee that typically makes up 70-85% of the total cost.
Medicare Physician Fee (Facility Setting)
$67
Physician component only — CMS PFS 2026
Medicare Physician Fee (Office/Clinic)
$323
Non-facility setting

Patient Guide: Sigmoidoscopy and Biopsy

What you need to know before your appointment

What to Expect

During the sigmoidoscopy, the doctor takes small tissue samples from the lower colon lining for laboratory analysis.

How Long Does It Take?

15-20 minutes

Common Reasons Doctors Order This

Evaluation of rectal or sigmoid inflammation, ulcerative colitis monitoring, suspicious tissue evaluation

How to Prepare

Same as flexible sigmoidoscopy. Inform doctor about blood thinners.

Procedures Commonly Done Together

These procedures are frequently performed alongside Sigmoidoscopy and biopsy

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How to Reduce Your Cost for Sigmoidoscopy and biopsy

Practical tips that can save you hundreds or thousands of dollars

  • 1
    Ask about cash-pay discounts

    Many hospitals and clinics offer 20-40% discounts for self-pay patients. Always ask before scheduling.

  • 2
    Compare facility vs. office setting costs

    For this procedure, the office rate ($323) differs from the facility rate ($67). Ask if it can be done in an office setting.

  • 3
    Shop around — costs vary significantly

    Costs can vary 2-3x between providers in the same city. Get quotes from multiple facilities.

How is the Price Calculated?

Medicare calculates procedure payments using Relative Value Units (RVUs). Each procedure has three components multiplied by a conversion factor ($33.40 in 2026) and adjusted by geographic cost indices.

1.11
Work RVU
0.75
Practice Expense RVU
0.14
Malpractice RVU
9.67
Total RVU

Payment = Total RVU (9.67) x CF ($33.40) = $323

Frequently Asked Questions

How much does Sigmoidoscopy and biopsy cost?

The Medicare facility rate for Sigmoidoscopy and biopsy is $67. Commercial insurance rates typically range from 150% to 250% of Medicare (varies by plan).

How much does Sigmoidoscopy and biopsy cost without insurance?

Without insurance, the cost of Sigmoidoscopy and biopsy can range from 150% of Medicare to 500% of Medicare depending on the facility. Many hospitals and clinics offer self-pay discounts of 20-40% off their chargemaster price. Always ask about cash pricing before your visit.

Does insurance cover Sigmoidoscopy and biopsy?

Most commercial health insurance plans and Medicare cover Sigmoidoscopy and biopsy when ordered by a physician for a medically necessary reason. Your out-of-pocket cost depends on your plan's deductible, copay/coinsurance structure, and whether you use an in-network provider. Check with your insurance company before scheduling to confirm coverage and get a cost estimate.

Why does the cost vary so much by location?

Medicare adjusts payments using Geographic Practice Cost Indices (GPCIs) that reflect local differences in physician work costs, practice expenses, and malpractice insurance. Manhattan, San Francisco, and other high-cost areas pay significantly more than rural regions. Commercial insurers follow similar geographic patterns.

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